An exercise physiologist plays a crucial role in concussion rehabilitation by designing and implementing individualised exercise programs that support recovery and improve overall physical health. Their contributions focus on several key areas:

1. Controlled Aerobic Exercise
   
   Research shows that controlled, sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise can aid in concussion recovery by improving blood flow to the brain, reducing fatigue, and enhancing cognitive function. Exercise physiologists carefully monitor and progress aerobic activities to ensure they remain safe and effective.

2. Autonomic Nervous System Regulation
   
   Exercise physiologists assist in managing autonomic dysregulation by helping the body transition from a catabolic state of stress or danger to a parasympathetic state of rest, recovery, repair, and maintenance of homeostasis. This is achieved through controlled physical activities that promote balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

3. Symptom Management
   
   Post-concussion symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, and dizziness can limit physical activity. Exercise physiologists tailor exercise plans to minimise symptom exacerbation and help patients gradually build endurance and tolerance.

4. Physical Deconditioning
   
   After a concussion, individuals often experience reduced physical activity, leading to deconditioning. Exercise physiologists address this through gradual reconditioning, focusing on restoring strength, flexibility, and overall fitness.

5. Balance and Coordination Training
   
   Concussions can impair balance and motor control. Exercise physiologists include balance and proprioceptive exercises to improve coordination and reduce the risk of falls or injury during recovery.

6. Return-to-Activity Planning
   
   Safe reintegration into daily activities, work, sport, and exercise requires structured progression. Exercise physiologists develop individualised return-to-activity plans, ensuring that patients rebuild physical capacity without overloading the system.

7. Stress Reduction
   
   Exercise can help alleviate stress and improve mood, which is particularly important for individuals experiencing emotional or psychological challenges post-concussion. Exercise physiologists incorporate activities that support mental well-being alongside physical recovery.

8. Education and Empowerment
   
   Exercise physiologists educate patients about the benefits of physical activity during recovery and equip them with tools to self-monitor and manage their activity levels, fostering long-term engagement in healthy habits. They also use motivational interviewing techniques to support lifestyle changes, helping patients set and achieve personal health goals.
   

By addressing the physical and psychological impacts of a concussion through evidence-based exercise interventions, exercise physiologists play a vital role in promoting recovery, reducing symptoms, and helping patients regain their functional capacity and quality of life.